The main parameters that should be focused on when choosing a dental compressor are its class, technological characteristics, as well as design, i.e. the principle of operation. From the class of compressor, and these devices, we note, are divided into professional and semi-professional, depends on its resource and permissible modes of operation. As for technical characteristics, a properly selected compressor should organically combine such parameters as receiver volume, volumetric capacity and maximum allowable operating pressure.
According to the principle of operation, all compressors used in dentistry and other branches of medicine are divided into two large groups - screw and piston compressors, which, in turn, have coaxial modifications and models equipped with belt drive.
The principle of operation of a reciprocating compressor is quite simple: it compresses air in a special cylinder by means of a piston, which makes reciprocating movements. The main advantage of devices of this class is their most affordable cost compared to other compressors. In addition, they are characterized by the simplicity of production and the resulting high maintainability. Timely and competent maintenance turns such a compressor into an almost "eternal" device. This is due to the fact that the essence of its maintenance is reduced to the change of virtually all internal components, including pistons, cylinders, valves, rings and even the carrier engine itself. As for its disadvantages, they can include the above-mentioned repair, which, although it is very easy to carry out, but requires regular carrying out. As practice shows, the average service interval of a compressor of this class does not exceed five hundred working hours.
The essence of the second type of compressors, i.e. screw compressors, is the compression of air in the working chamber by two screw-shaped rotors with different tooth profiles. Among the obvious advantages of screw compressors are the following:
- high reliability;
- much longer operating life than piston-type devices, including the possibility of uninterrupted round-the-clock operation;
- low consumption of electrical energy as well as noise during operation.
- total absence of vibration effects.
As for the disadvantages of screw compressors, there is only one of them - their very high cost.
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