One of the main tasks in wounds is to stop bleeding. It, depending on the localization and depth of injury, is of four types: arterial, parenchymatous, venous, capillary. The most dangerous of them are the first two, as it is with them there is a high probability of death due to high blood loss.
Arterial bleeding is characterized by the flow of scarlet-colored blood, its stream pulsates. From the damaged vein blood flows out of the dark cherry-colored trickle. Parenchymatous bleeding occurs when internal organs are damaged, capillary bleeding in shallow skin injuries (abrasions, cuts).
A tourniquet can be used to stop severe arterial bleeding in case of limb injury, or, in its absence, a belt. They are applied to the limb above the place of injury. To prevent skin impingement, it is necessary to put a bandage or any soft material, clothing under the tourniquet. The skin around the wound can be treated with any antiseptic (greenery, iodine). Washing the wound with water can lead to the entry of infection. After that, it is necessary to take the victim to the nearest medical institution. Leaving a pressure tourniquet for more than 2 hours may end in tissue necrosis. For minor injuries, it is possible to limit yourself to a tight bandage, which is applied to the wound.
It is advisable to restrict movement of the injured limb, as this promotes blood flow and may cause additional vascular damage. Venous bleeding can be reduced by elevating the limb above the level of the heart.
In cases where the bleeding is venous or the injury is in the torso area, it is necessary to apply a tight bandage that will prevent the blood from flowing out. A bandage or sheer material is placed over the wound and wrapped tightly with a bandage on top.
In case of capillary bleeding, it is often enough to treat the wound with hydrogen peroxide and apply a bactericidal patch. You can apply cold (ice bubble), cooling will help to slow down blood circulation, but you should not use this method for more than half an hour.
Parenchymal hemorrhage is most often caused by severe blows or punctures. Its diagnosis and assistance is possible only in medical institutions. The main signs indicating its presence are the absence or slowing of the pulse, change in skin coloration, blueing of the lips, decrease in body temperature.
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